Desktop Buying Guide

Features

In the new age of laptops, tablets and smartphones, why would anyone choose to still purchase a desktop computer? Are they not obsolete remnants of the previous decade? Not quite. Desktop computers still possess superior computing power over laptops. Desktops are not constrained by the space limitations of laptops. They can hold larger and better processors, more memory, and larger hard drives. This enables them to dominate laptops in these areas, and more. Desktops also provide their users with more flexibility. Even the smaller desktops can be upgraded in many different ways. You can also upgrade without having to buy an entirely new computer, as you usually would for a laptop. Another flexibility advantage is the ability to add specialized components, such as advanced video cards for gaming. You can customize a traditional desktop computer in ways that would never be possible with a laptop. Desktops also give you a greater return on investment. Simply put, you get more computing power for every dollar you pay.



What Do I Need?

The first step is to determine how you will use your desktop. Usage falls in to three broad categories:

  1. Light Use: Visiting internet sites, email, Facebook and other social networks, paying bills online, and sharing photos.
  2. Moderate Use: Streaming and saving both movies and music, spreadsheets, and document creation.
  3. Heavy Use: Advanced photo editing and graphics work, producing videos, serious gaming, and multi-track audio processing.

The farther up this scale you are, the more you will want to invest in a faster processor, more memory, a larger/faster hard drive, and perhaps a larger and higher resolution monitor.



Operating Systems

Many desktop users have already settled on a favorite operating system, but here are some quick points on what they offer:

  1. Windows: still holds the lions share of the market (over 80%), with Windows 10 having eclipsed Windows 7 as the most prevalent version. Windows is the "Swiss army knife" of the operating systems, doing all things fairly well. It is still the most popular operating system in the world, offering the best compatibility with existing software and hardware.
  2. macOS: Mac has a very solid cadre of devoted followers, offering amazing hardware, sleek design, and is generally a great operating system that doesn't' have some of the quirks Windows possesses. Macs have become the defacto standard for graphic artists world-wide. Their price tag is a bit higher, but their quality is undeniable. There is less available software than for Windows, but also fewer software compatibility issues. macOS is not suitable for a primary gaming machine.
  3. Chrome OS: this operating system is available exclusively in the Chromebox line of desktops. It runs custom applications and cloud-based programs rather than the traditional method of installing the software directly onto the machine. It is great for light and low-moderate use, but not suited for the high-moderate and heavy use.




Processor

The processor, or CPU, is the brains of the computer. It determines the type of applications you can run, how fast they run, and how many of them you can have open at the same time. Most desktops use either Intel or AMD processors. A better processor provides better performance, but will also cost you more money. Intel Core i5 and i7 processors are their current high end, with AMD featuring the Ryzen processors series.



Memory

Memory, or RAM, can be thought of as the amount of space you have in which to work. More memory equals more space, which equals more and/or larger programs running at the same time. Today's minimum is 2GB, with 4GB being better. Heavy gaming or video processing will benefit from between 8-16GB, or more. If you are in doubt about how much you will need, then choose a desktop model that will let you expand the memory by adding more sticks.



Internal Storage

Internal storage determines how much stuff you can keep on your computer, that will remain there when the power is off. This includes both applications and data files (documents, pictures, spreadsheets, etc.). A classic hard drive is the slowest, but also less expensive and with the most storage space. On the fast end of the spectrum are solid state drives (SSD), which are smaller and cost more, but much faster. A third option, a hybrid drive will give you both SSD for quick start times, along with the higher capacity of a traditional hard drive. Hybrid drives are priced in the mid-range between traditional hard drives and SSD. You can also get an SSD as your boot drive and for high performance applications, and a second traditional hard drive for file storage and less demanding applications.



Ports and Connectivity

Be sure to check desktop port specifications to ensure that ports are available for whatever you wish to connect to the computer. It is frustrating to find that the video ports are not compatible with the amazing new monitor you bought a few days earlier. The most common port types are:

  1. USB 2.0: for external hard drives, mouse, keyboard, game controllers, smartphones, audio players, and other accessories.
  2. USB 3.0: a faster version of the USB 2.0, but only when used with USB 3.0 compatible devices.
  3. HDMI: connection for a monitor or HD television.
  4. Media card slots: for transferring digital photos and other data to your desktop.


Other Considerations

Most desktops have integrated graphics, which means it is build into the motherboard and main chipset. It works well for light and most moderate use, but high end users will want to get a dedicated graphics card. Gamers, video editors and multimedia producers will especially benefit from these.

Will you want a touch screen? While this is still mostly a matter of preference, if you are interested then make sure your operating system supports a touch screen interface.

If you do not have a lot of space available, then consider a more compact desktop rather than a full-size or tower. There are still a lot of flexible options from which you can choose.

If you are a serious gamer, consider looking for a specialized gaming computer with a powerful processor, lots of memory, multiple large hard drives and one or more high end graphics cards. Gaming packages are often less expensive than trying to customize one yourself.



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